Spanish language Q&A Forum

There's a quiz question that I got wrong because there is no indication whether the speaker sees the event as probable or not.  A note on this would help so we don't have to guess.

When I was a teacher we called this type of thinking "categorization", being able to tell things apart.  Nicely done.

i read that ir + gerund can be translated as to get to do something.

I do not understand why would getting on to do something be related to the concept of doing something bit by bit, gradually?

Would getting on to do something more like getting ready to do something using estar para, estar por?

I incorrectly answered "para" because there was a specific time of day in the sentence.  I am thinking that was not correct if this translates (loosely) as "sometime in the morning I eat breakfast at 9am".  So a/en/por would be correct for this?

Pitting your last two points against each other, should this be "Y email?" or "E email?"

I read elsewhere that when quedar is used to express the idea of ending up in an emotional or physical state, it does not require reflexive pronoun. Is this accurate ? So if I have a scenario of 2 persons fighting and the one of them left a mark on the second and it left him standing still from the shock. Do we use ‘se queda inmóvil’ or ‘queda inmóvil’ ?

I am not clear on when to use which term.  In the passage, there is "el esfuerzo medioambiental" and also "modelo ambiental".  Are they interchangeable?  Thanks.

Here is another example of the nonuse of an article in Spanish that I do not understand.  "The city was an environmental model" is "la ciudad fue modelo ambiental" not "un modelo ambiental".  I do not understand why there is no indefinite article like there is in English.

I wish there were a lesson explaining how the use of articles in Spanish differs from English.  For example, "he has a good heart" is "tiene buen corazon" not "un buen corazon".  Another example, "I will be in the first row" is "estare en primera fila" and not "en la primera fila".